Aldous Huxley s Brave New World - 1329 Words

In Aldous Huxley, Brave New World, life is peaceful without any rebellion from its citizens. The society is called ‘The World State’, where scientist can finally produce eggs, without women getting pregnant. As a result, there is no such thing as a â€Å"family†, and the word ‘Mother’ and ‘Father’ are consider as obscene. â€Å". . . the loathsomeness and moral obliquity of childbearing –– merely gross, a scatological rather than a pornographic impropriety† (Huxley 159). They use the Bokanovsky Process, in which they fertilize human eggs in a vitro and make the eggs split into identical copies. They condition the embryo in favor of what class the embryo will develop into. The castes are just the same as the Upper class, the Middle class, and the†¦show more content†¦Helicopters are now essential and a main part of travel in the World State society. They become an enjoyment to travel and see different things. There are no more cars, and even the Epsilon use a high-speed monorail as a mean to travel. Another form of entertainment are ‘feelies’. Feelies are theaters, where you can feel, physically, anything that the on-screen actors feel. â€Å"That sensation on his lips! He lifted a hand to his mouth; the titillation ceased; let his hand fall back on the metal knob; it began again†(Huxley 174). Feeling is a vital part in the World State society. When everyone feels good, there is no chaos but order within society. Because of this, the government can easily control the citizens and be in control. Indeed, no one will change the government when all the government is doing is keeping its citizens happy. They give their citizens freedom, but they limit every aspect of freedom by withholding the truth. The soma that the citizens take make everything impossible to think straight. They suppress the truth and only give what the citizens need . . . happiness. Promiscuity is accepted as a societal norm, and it is not regarded as obscene in society. As a matter of fact, it is natural to be promiscuous and it is encouraged at a young age to play sexual games. â€Å"A little boy of about seven and a little girl who might have been a year older, were playing . . . a rudimentary sexual game† (Huxley 44). Even

My Personal Philosophy Of Nursing - 947 Words

Personal Philosophy of Nursing and Application of Nursing Theory My personal philosophy of nursing encompasses three major tenets; compassion, empathy and, patient education. Each of these ideals are integral in my nursing practice, after learning about the nursing theory I have identified several nurse theorists that resonate most closely to my personal nursing philosophy. These include Dorothea Orem’s Self Care Model, Jean Watson’s Theory of Human/Transpersonal Caring and, Imogene King-Conceptual System and Theory of Goal Attainment. Compassion is intrinsic to nursing, it is something that patients will always expect form their health care providers. When I see suffering it is my desire to try and alleviate it which is the definition of compassion. Empathy, closely relates to compassion but differs in the aspect that to empathize means to share and experience ones feelings and to achieve understanding with our patients who are suffering. Which is something that believe to be a strong nurse you must possess. I have met a handful of nurses that are clinically strong in regards to their technical nursing skills but, they lack the essence of compassion and empathy and are unable to connect on a personal level with their patients. To provide patient education is also integral to my nursing philosophy in that, to impart information to patients that will alter their health status thru health promotion services and improving better provider and patient communication.Show MoreRelatedPersonal Nursing Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1475 Words   |  6 PagesPersonal Philosophy of Nursing When one thinks of a nurse they often think of a caring, compassionate, knowledgeable individual. They don’t often think that every nurse comes from different situation, past experiences, and life changing events that make nurses who he or she is. Everyone on this earth is unique and has something to contribute. The same goes for patients. Each patient has a different background and have different interests which make them who they are. In order to give the optimalRead MorePersonal Nursing Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1190 Words   |  5 PagesPersonal Philosophy of Nursing Megan A. Farrell Moberly Area Community College Introduction I, Megan Farrell, am currently a Licensed Practical Nurse at a treatment center that works with prisoners. I accepted a clinical positon here as a graduate, but plan to work in a hospital setting once I have become a Registered Nurse working in the Intensive Care Unit. I quickly worked my way up the latter from the clinic nurse to the Chronic Care nurse and I am quite passionate about furtherRead MoreNursing Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Nursing932 Words   |  4 PagesMy Philosophy of Nursing My personal philosophy of nursing began at an early age watching my mother volunteer for 25 years on the local rescue squad, following in the footsteps of her mother. I learned that helping others in a time of need should always be a priority. Respect and dignity should always be shown to people, no matter the who they are or where they are from. I have and will continue to show compassion for others while administering professional holistic care, guided by the AmericanRead MoreMy Nursing Philosophy : My Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1093 Words   |  5 PagesPhilosophy is a distinct disciple on its own right, and all disciplines can claim their own philosophical bases that form guidelines for their goal† (Meleis, 2012, p. 28). In simpler terms, philosophy is your worldview and thought process of life. Our philosophy transcends into our beliefs and values’, examining our philosophy allows us to discover what is important to us and helps define priorities and goals ( Meleis, 2012, p.28). Being aware of our philosophy creates individuality in each personRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1304 Words   |  6 PagesMy Personal Nursing Philosophy A nursing philosophy is concepts or values that a nurse embraces within his/her practice and allows these concepts and values to shape the way he/she practices nursing and drives the purpose of their nursing care. It is important for each nurse to develop his/her philosophy of nursing to be a purpose driven nurse. Each nurse will have his/her own nurse philosophy because each believes differently. Nursing philosophies might come from different understandings butRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1053 Words   |  5 PagesThis aforementioned are the podium upon which the value and philosophies of the success of each profession is based. These philosophies and values do not operate in a vacuum. They influence the way which professionals carry out their day to day activities for maximum success. Consequently, Nursing and Nurses are not immune to the great influence of values and philosophies, be it at personal or corporate levels. This is because, nursing as a profession d eals with the constant interaction with patients;Read MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing949 Words   |  4 PagesMy Personal Philosophy of Nursing My inspiration to pursue a career in Nursing began at a young age, after reading the biography of Florence Nightingale. I was in middle school, and intrigued at her courage, and dedication to care for the sick. As I entered college, and into a formal nursing education program, I still viewed nursing as, the care provided to another in need. Without my knowing, I was developing a philosophy of nursing for myself. As the years passed, I began to realize that nursingRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1676 Words   |  7 Pagesfamous philosophies and a personal nursing philosophy is presented, including the personal definitions of the four phenomena of nursing namely person, environment, health, and nursing. The said philosophy will then be compared to other professionally-acclaimed philosophies. Included in the discussion is the importance of a nurse’s role in providing health care to persons, family, and the society and how it is able to address problems in the face of cultural and spiritual differences. Personal PhilosophyRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1081 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: PERSONAL PHILOSOPHY OF NURSING 1 PERSONAL PHILOSOPHY OF NURSING 6 Personal Philosophy of Nursing Caroline Thiongo BSN V Millers College of Nursing Abstract This paper explores my personal nursing philosophy that I will convey in my career of nursing. It is my belief that nursing is a commitment to public service and a desire to help those in need. Nursing is a discipline of knowledge acquired both through formal education and through life experiences. The sum of these parts continuesRead MoreMy Personal Philosophy Of Nursing1330 Words   |  6 PagesMy Personal Philosophy of Nursing The purpose of this essay is to depict the personal philosophy of nursing and any future aspirations I have acquired in my first semester of nursing school. Before I can create my own philosophy of nursing, I must first understand and define what philosophy is and how it relates to nursing. According to  the Oxford Dictionary, philosophy is â€Å"the study of the fundamental nature of knowledge, reality, and existence, especially when considered as an academic discipline†

Purchasing Operations and Management †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Purchasing Operations and Management. Answer: Introduction The retail market is very competitive and dynamic and requires quite a lot of business muscle to stay afloat. Many retail giants are on the brink of collapse; case in point is the Nakumatt supermarkets that were once a household name in the Kenyan and East African market at large. Empty shelves are now a typical picture associated with this once giant retailer in the region. This essay will focus on the aspects to increase efficiency of doing retail business. The three main issues to be discussed will include supplier selection criteria, ICT for purchasing operations and purchasing cost analysis. Recommendations will be made on the best practices surrounding these three issues. This essay will focus on another giant retailer; Walmart supermarkets that are a household name in America and a global brand in some respect. Walmart stores deal in a variety of products including household goods for example utensils, furniture, electrical appliances and fresh food and fruits. Almost all kind of goods will be available in these stores. Walmart is a global brand and hence its business implications are felt in the global economy (Gereffi, 2009). The market is distributed from the Americas to Asia (South Korea and Japan) and across Europe (Germany). Competitors in the market include KMart Super Centre, Supervalu Inc, Croger among many more. Many of the competitors are also targeting the global market. Most of the goals and strategies of Walmart are focused on sustainable profitability. These strategies are aimed at maximizing profitability but at the same time factor in social and environmental responsibilities (Cohen, 2017). Supplier Selection Criteria Supplier selection and monitoring of their performance is key to efficient business operation. Devising the best supplier selection method and evaluating the performance of the supplier goes a long way to ensure benefits of the goods purchased are felt later in the chain as cost effectiveness, quality, dynamicity and creativity (Nair, 2015). Being a retail entity, Walmart seeks to maximize profit on their varied products while maintaining a low cost on their products compared to its peers in the market. Maintaining competitive prices for its products will help it have an edge on the customer base and hence boosting the sales. There has to be an understanding between the supplier and the client to purchase products at the cheapest and most favorable prices ever. This will enable the client to develop a competitive price structure in the market. In his study, Sen postulates that decisions to be made on coming up with the ideal supplier are very challenging and include inadequate information, imperfect choices and more qualitative methods applied (Sen, 2008). Over the last 30 years, a lot of academic research has been undertaken to devise a consistent approach in choosing an ideal supplier. Data mining methods, problem establishment methods, multi-criteria decision aid and mathematical programming are some of the methods to be applied in supplier selection discussed by Sen. The following phases are consistent with most supplier selection strategy (Sen, 2008): Defining the problem Establishing a method Assessing suitability of qualified suppliers Choosing the most preferred supplier Measuring endurance of a supplier in most cases is dependent on quality of the products, price, service and delivery. From an analysis of the literature by academicians in this field, qualitative and quantitative supplier selection framework will be preferred here. In this method, two algorithms are applied to select the supplier. As discussed in detail by Sen, the following pointers are key according to Sen (2008); Establishment of a cross-functional group. This is because the supplier selection affects many other activities and decision makers in the team. It includes production strategy teams, cash flow controllers, and inventory managers, among others. Therefore a consensus should be sought. Data mining to come up with varied supplier selection methods. This will help to come up with new and more efficient strategies. Arrange the selection methods into a preferred flow Calculation of percentage and relative importance degrees for the main and subclasses Importance is then sought for buyer-supplier integration steps The first algorithm is applied to establish total rating of transformation to higher integration level The buyer-supplier integration is then calculated using the second algorithm These listed steps can be practically applied to search for an ideal supplier among competing supplier candidates. The level of integration is key in this method to establish both qualitative and quantitative selection of ideal suppliers. Qualitative and quantitative attributes to be selected on include reliability, technology, cost effectiveness, high quality, and quality service among others. This method has been shown to work in the retail market and recommendation is hereby made to apply it in the Walmart case to gauge its feasibility and tolerance (Sen, 2008). ICT for Purchasing Operations With the dramatic shift of the global patterns towards embracing ICT over the past few decades, discussing ICT integration in purchasing operations becomes vital. ICT has become an important function of our lives and many people world over are computer literate. Emergence of online shopping platforms adds concrete to this course (Grillitsch, 2013). People can now access preferred goods and services of debatably the same best quality from the comfort of their homes and from the click of a button. These developments are worth marveling to and their implications to the market are strongly felt. The competitive bar has been raised much higher and the earlier retailers incorporate ICT in their services, the better for their competitive muscle. For a retail giant like Walmart, it is arguably almost compulsory to embrace ICT in its purchasing operations and even retail operations. Looking at the immensely large number of suppliers handled by this retailer necessitates ICT incorporation (Grillitsch, 2013). For better record keeping and inventory management, paper work is not even an option. However, incorporation of ICT in purchasing operations is a diametric factor. This is because it cuts across the supplier and the buyer. Therefore the operations have to be on both sides. This would not easily prove a challenge also because most of the Walmart suppliers are big brands that you expect have integrated ICT in their operations. This section will however discuss selected factors in implementing ICT in purchasing operations. Some of these factors include cost of ICT infrastructure and ICT implementation, retailer vision and goals and staff ICT skills (Francis, 2017). The cost of ICT infrastructure is a hindering factor towards full incorporation of ICT in purchasing. Incorporation of ICT has been shown to cut costs on manpower as one individual can operate the computer and do a number of transactions at the same time. The same way the suppliers can be found on the internet much easily compared to the past where websites were not available. However the entire cost of acquisition of the tools to ensure full operationalization are quite expensive (Francis, 2017). These costs include hardware appliances, software, upgrades and maintenance and development costs. Investing in ICT can also be viewed as not a primary objective of a retailer thus making the decision makers hesitant in going full out on this venture. I t is imperative that a balance be struck between the business goals of a retailer and the economic realities. Retailer vision and goals are also vital to the implementation of ICT in purchasing. Studies have shown that many institutions had actually purchased the necessary equipment and facilities to enable ICT operations but have not yet implemented them effectively because of a lack of a proper plan and vision (Francis 2017). This scenario can be avoided by striking a balance between the business goals and economic realities as stated above. To also realize the actuality of integrating ICT in purchase will also need the decision makers to own the policy individually. A foundation has to be lain first to ensure smooth transition into the purchasing operations using ICT. Such will include ensuring that the staffs have the necessary training and qualifications to enable successful operations. Adopting ICT for purchasing operations will also enable employment of persons with disability that is not usually a norm in this sector (Giannoumis, 2015). This is because automation of the sector operations makes it easier for people with such limitations. This will contribute to trying to achieve striking a balance between the social and business responsibilities of Walmart. The implications towards achieving an all equal society will go a long way in building the reputation of the Walmart brand. As a result, its competitiveness in the market will be enhanced. To be on the right side of history also calls for Walmart to fully appreciate the 21st century developments which include the robust ICT sector. History will judge the retailer on the basis of such actions as this (Grillitsch, 2013). A lot of innovations currently also emanate from the ICT sector and to be placed in a better position to enjoy such benefits, Walmart has to embrace ICT in its purchasing. Innovative minds could also rise through the ranks within the employees that can be able to provide breakthroughs in the difficulties of implementing this venture. The most important thing is for the decision makers to embrace this initiative. Rice suggests that reputable retailers such as Walmart in the European market needs to keep its goals in tandem with the goals of the European commission that seek to improve the level of accessibility in mainstream ICT services using the public procurement laws and performance standards ( Rice, 2015). Such legislation will require a full operational shift in the use of ICT for purchasing. This will also go a long way in enabling access to procurement ICT services to people with disabilities. In a nutshell, it has been shown in this section that the hurdles faced in achieving full operationalization of purchasing using ICT are not supposed to derail implementation of the same. This is because the benefits of this achievement outweigh the costs. Efficiency that comes with implementing ICT for purchasing is so real and cost effective (Mukhopadhyay, 2016). ICT for purchasing operations is thus fully recommended. Purchasing Cost Analysis Purchasing costs for any business entity keen on making profit like Walmart need to be optimized. The optimization aims at enabling purchases to be made at the most affordable or lowest prices. When goods are purchased from the suppliers at the lowest possible prices, they will be retailed at competitive prices in the retail shelves (Anderson, 2016). This will go a long way in ensuring that Walmart is competitive enough to outmuscle its peers in the market. Such an arrangement is in tandem with the goal of Walmart of achieving an all-day low price for its products. However this task is not easy to accomplish due to its multifactorial nature. To achieve the above goals, the purchasers and suppliers need to develop and understanding that is honest and would allow both parties to make profit from the business without aggrieving either of the parties. Another important aspect of this discussion would be create a competition between the suppliers of a purchaser such that the suppliers strive to offer the best deal to the purchaser (Anderson, 2016). The best deal would be in terms of the lowest prices from the same goods offered by the different suppliers. When this is achieved, the purchaser would go with the best deal and establish a partnership with the supplier. The supplier also needs to be assured of their job security (Gupta, 2011). Assuring the suppliers long term contracts based on performance is a motivation to them and will go a long way in creating a rapport between the parties. This can be accomplished through structured and consistent discussions between the parties to achieve the best business goals while keeping a close eye on the market trends. Also an evaluation needs to be consistently done of the suppliers of the purchaser to ensure that the trends in the market are catered for. It is important that the business incorporates creativity and dynamism in this current competitive market. Consistent consultations with the supplier on these issues will anyhow be key in achieving this goal. PCM Inc that is a marketer of technological products in its report emphasizes the need for retailers not to allow themselves to be left behind in the market trends (PCM, 2015). Having robust data mining departments can also help keep tabs on the market needs and trends. Evaluation of the supplier also need to be done to establish if the supplier will be able to meet the needs of the retailer effectively and especially in the high seasons. A balance must also be struck in the high and low seasons. Once the above discussed factors are implemented, it becomes easy to achieve the ultimate goal of lowering the purchasing costs (Mehlawat, 2013). T his will of course increase competitiveness of the retailers products. Its competitive muscle will also be enhanced in the market. Conclusion Decision makers in such reputable retailers as Walmart are faced with multiple hard decisions to make on a daily basis. Most of these decisions are strategic and very key to the business objectives of these entities. In a nutshell supplier selection has been discussed and recommended basing on the qualitative and quantitative model details to which have been availed. ICT for purchasing operations has also been strongly recommended to increase efficiency and cost effectiveness. Finally the purchasing cost analysis factors have been discussed with the aim of achieving the lowest prices for purchased good. This will go a long way in establishing lowest all day prices for Walmart products in the market. References Anderson, I., Groce, F., McMullan, D., Wallshein, C. (2016). DoD ESI Historical Purchase Prices Database: An Unprecedented Tool for Software Buyers and Cost Analysts. Armed Forces Comptroller, 61(1), 22-27. Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewedSeptember 23, 2017 Cohen, B., Muoz, P. (2017). Entering Conscious Consumer Markets: Toward A New Generation Of Sustainability Strategies. California Management Review, 59(4), 23-48. doi:10.1177/0008125617722792.Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewedSeptember 23, 2017 Francis, N. N., Ngugi, M., Kinzi, J. (2017). Influence of selected factors on the implementation of information and communication technology policy in public secondary schools in Naivasha Sub-county, Kenya. International Journal Of Education Development Using Information Communication Technology, 13(2), 70-86. Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost ,viewed September 23, 2017 Gary Gerefi and Michelle Christian. (2009). Annual Review of Sociology, vol 35: 573-591Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhostviewedSeptember 23, 2017 Giannoumis, G. A. (2015). Transnational convergence of public procurement policy: a bottom-up analysis of policy networks and the international harmonisation of accessibility standards for information and communication technology. International Review Of Law, Computers Technology, 29(2/3), 183-206. doi:10.1080/13600869.2015.1055662.Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewed, September 23, 2017 Grillitsch, M., Tdtling, F., Hglinger, C. (2015). Variety in knowledge sourcing, geography and innovation: Evidence from the ICT sector in Austria. Papers In Regional Science, 94(1), 25-43. doi:10.1111/pirs.12050. Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewed, September 23, 2017 Gupta, P., Verma, S., Mehlawat, M. K. (2011). A Membership Function Approach For Cost-Reliability Trade-Off Of Cots Selection In Fuzzy Environment. International Journal Of Reliability, Quality Safety Engineering, 18(6), 573-595, Business Source Premier, Source, EBSCOhost, viewed 23 September 2017. Mehlawat, M. K. (2013). A Multi-Choice Goal Programming Approach For Cots Products Selection Of Modular Software Systems. International Journal Of Reliability, Quality Safety Engineering, 20(6), 1-18. doi:10.1142/S0218539313500265. Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewedSeptember 23, 2017 Mukhopadhyay, D., Verma, R., Mahajan, T. (2016). A Study of Revolution Marked by Ict in Purchasing Behavior of Consumers for Non-Life Insurance Products in Delhi Ncr. Journal Of The Insurance Institute Of India, 4(1), 75-81. Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost,viewed September 23, 2017 Nair, A., Jayaram, J., Das, A. (2015). Strategic purchasing participation, supplier selection, supplier evaluation and purchasing performance. International Journal Of Production Research, 53(20), 6263-6278. doi:10.1080/00207543.2015.1047983.Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost,viewed, September 23, 2017 PCM, Inc. SWOT Analysis. (2017). PCM, Inc. SWOT Analysis, 1-29.Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewedSeptember 23, 2017 Rice, D. (2015). Public procurement as a means to achieving social gains progress and challenges in European legislation and standards for accessible information and communication technology. International Review Of Law, Computers Technology, 29(2/3), 162-182. doi:10.1080/13600869.2015.1055661.Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost, viewed September 23, 2017 Sen, S., Basligil, H., Sen, C. G., Barali, H. (2008). A framework for defining both qualitative and quantitative supplier selection criteria considering the buyer-supplier integration strategies. International Journal Of Production Research, 46(7), 1825-1845. doi:10.1080/00207540600988055. Advanced Placement Source, EBSCOhost,viewed September 23, 2017

Privatization Of Airports Essays - Airport, Public Transport

Privatization Of Airports For 51 years Bergstrom Air Force Base was home to fighter pilots, bombers, troop carriers and reconnaissance jets. It was the first port of call for President Lyndon B. Johnson on his trips home to LBJ Country aboard Air Force One, it was where Chuck Yeager, the first pilot to break the sound barrier, once brought a disabled jet to rest in an emergency landing. In September 1993, in the path of military cutbacks Bergstrom Air Force Base was closed. But the timing was fortuitous, because the closure came as the city of Austin, Texas was considering where to build a new airport. In 1993, the expected economic loss to Austin from the Bergstrom closure was estimated at $406 million a year and a loss of some 1000 jobs. But with the possibility of utilizing the prior Bergstrom Air Force Base as an airport the Austin economy was expected to have an opportunity to rebound and even improve these results from the base closure by privatizing the airport. The trend worldwide toward airport privatization presents an exciting and dynamic opportunity for the flying public, governments, operators and investors. The overall success of privatization of airports has been seen by the sale of long-term leases for three of the largest airports in Australia for $2.6 billion. Following this success, the Government of Australia announced their plans to privatize fifteen more airports. Several Latin American airports already are in private hands. Major airports in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela are already concessioned or scheduled for privatization over the next two years. Smaller airports in Central America and the Caribbean also are to be privatized. In Europe, a significant number airports have been privatized and opportunities are imminent in Germany, Portugal and elsewhere. Governments in Southeast Asia, Africa, and the world over also are developing airport privatization plans. Why has this marked trend emerged and why did the city of Austin choose to act in this capacity? Governments in many cases do not have the financial capacity to invest in airport expansion as well as meet other needs of their citizens. They are recognizing that on one hand there are limits to their own knowledge of, and expertise, in managing airports; and, on the other, that such expertise can be provided by others with the effect of reducing costs, increasing revenues and improving services. An important objective in many instances is to increase competitiveness and enhance ability to attract economic development by improving airport facilities and obtaining additional air service. The private sector increasingly has come to view airports as an attractive investment; airports serve a dynamic growth industry--commercial aviation--and represent essential infrastructure with a near monopoly. Qualified private airport operating companies have materialized and others will evolve, while successful public airport operators are seeking to expand to provide airport management services--generally as part of broader investor groups. As a result, substantial numbers of airports will come to be operated by a worldwide network of airport operators. These worldwide operators will engage in healthy competition with each other to be efficient and offer superior services, and thus support the objectives of the investor groups in which they participate. The city of Austin expectations by privatizing were: ?h Accountability. Private contractors are paid for results. This gives them an unwavering focus on performance that can rarely be sustained in a public agency. Moreover, private contractors operate under the very real possibility that if their performance is found lacking, the contract may end. This accountability is transferred directly to employees who must deliver top-notch performance to preserve their position in a private organization. ?h Performance-based Compensation. Just as private contractors are paid based on results, they can base employee compensation on performance. Contractors can pay bonuses for exceptional performance and give merit increases alone rather than longevity-based pay increments. This elicits greater productivity and effectiveness from staff. ?h Management Expertise. Contractors develop expertise to compete effectively. They hire well-known experts and develop management structures geared toward continuous improvements in performance. ?h Flexibility. Private contractors have the flexibility to respond quickly to changing program requirements or evolving needs of organizations. They can acquire new technology, obtain new equipment, reorganize offices, and/or adjust staffing